Isifundo soku-1: Ukuhlela nokulungiselela i-athikili (umtlolondaba) yakho

Esifundweni lesi, uzokufunda indlela yokuhlela nokulungiselela ukutlola i-athikili yakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukukhetha isihloko esinembako, ukuzwisisa ukuthi ngiliphi ilwazi esele kutlolwe ngalo malungana nesihloko osikhethileko nokuthi ungayithola kuphi imithombo yelwazi ezokusiza ukutlola i-athikili yakho.

Ekupheleni kwesifundo lesi uzokuzwisisa:

• Ukuhlela nokwenza irhubhululo nge-athikili yakho
• Ukuthola imithombo yelwazi malungana ne-athikili yakho
• Ukuleka (lay out) kuhle i-athikili yakho ukuze ifundeke lula begodu ikarekelwe ukufundwa

Ukuhlela nokwenza irhubhululo nge-athikili yakho

1. Khetha isihloko

Ngisiphi isihloko ozosirhubhulula begodu utlole ngaso? Ukuphendula umbuzo lo kufanele uzibuze ukuthi: 

• Ingabe kusihloko esifanele iwebhusayithi lapho sizokuvezwa khona? Isib. i-athikili emalungana nokuthelelela iintjalo ilungele iwebhusayidi yeentoni kodwana i-athikili ekhuluma ngeenthuthuthu awukayilungeli. 
• Ingabe isihloko sinaso isigaba esele sikhona kuwebhusayidi?
• Ingabe sele ikhona i-athikili kuwebhusayidi ekhuluma ngesihloko osikhethileko, namkha esihlobene naso?

2. Imithombo (sources) yelwazi 

Nasele ukhethe isihloko ozokutlola ngaso, kuzokudingeka ukuthi uthole imithombo yelwazi ukuze ukghone ukutlola ngaso. Zibuze ukuthi, mhlobobani welwazi engilidingako begodu ngingalithola kuphi? Umhlobo nemithombo yelwazi olidingako kuzokuya ngesihloko osikhethileko. Nangabe utlola ngeentoni ungathola ilwazi:

• Ngokuvakatjhela ilayibhrari yendawo yangekhenu ukuthola iincwadi ezimalungana neentoni.
• Ngokukhuluma nabosontoni nabalimi bendawo yangekhenu.
• Ngokufuna ilwazi ku-inthanethi. Uzokuthola amawebhusayidi amanengi malungana neentoni nokutjala izinto. 

Nangabe utlola ngemiphakathi yendawo, imilando namasiko wayo, ungathola ilwazi:

• Ngokukhulumisana nabantu abadala emphakathini wakho abangaba nelwazi ngemilando yeenkoro neendaba zabokhokho, amasiko nelwazi lesintu.
• Ngokukhulumisana nabantu abafana nabelaphi bendabuko neembongi.
• Ngokufuna ilwazi ku-inthanethi. Isib. Ezinye iinqhema ze-Facebook zinelwazi elinengi ngeenhloko ezihlukahlukeneko ezifaka phakathi imilando yeenkoro.

3. Ukweba imicabango (plagiarism) nokukopa 

Lokha nawutlola i-athikili yakho yakho, kuqakathekile ukutlola into ehlukileko netlolwa kokuthoma. Ungakopi imithombo yelwazi njengoba injalo. Balekela ukweba imicabango nokukopa imitlolo ngokulandela amagadango alandelako: 

1. Funda umtlolo okuthabisako (ukufana nalokha nawufunda iphephandaba, incwadi namkha i-athikili)
2. Beka umtlolo ngeqadi bese utlola indaba ngendlela oyizwisisa ngayo – njengalokha nawucocela abangani bakho ngeendaba ozifunde emaphephandabeni namkha eencwadini.
   

Okutjhoko kuzokuvela njengamagama wakho, ukulandelana kwezehlakalo nangephimbo lakho. Uzokuba nemibuzo kwezinye iingcenye, ungezelele ilwazi namkha ukugandelela ngendlela ezenzakalelako kuwe. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi ukhiqize ama-athikili weqiniso nakarisako. 

Ukweba imicabango nokutlola ama-athikili wekhwalithi embi – umtlolo obovu utjengisa lokho okukopiwe kwenye i-athikili

Umsebenzi 1.1

Indlela ehle yokuluka amano we-athikili etja kuthala umebhengqondo esiqetjhaneni sephepha. Umebhengqondo mfanekiso osetjenziselwa ukuhlela ilwazi ngendlela yokubona ngamehlo bese ibuyisa umqondo.  

Kwanjesi thatha imizuzu emihlanu uthale umebhengqondo wakho wama-athikhili ongahle uthande ukutlola ngawo.

Hlela begodu uleke (lay out) i-athikili yakho

1. Lungiselela ukutlola

Kuqakathekile ukuhlela i-athikili yakho begodu ucabange ngesakhiwo sayo ngaphambi kobana uthome ukuyitlola. Udinga ukutlama isihloko, uthathe isiqunto sokobana uzosethula njani isihloko sakho, ngiliphi ilwazi ozolifaka esigabeni esikhulu (‘umzimba’) se-athikili begodu kokugcina uzoyiphetha njani.

2. Hlela indlela ozokutlola ngayo

Tlola woke amaphuzu aqakathekileko ofuna ukuwafaka bese uwanabisa ngeendima. Indima yibuthelelelo lemitjho ekhuluma ngombono munye oyihloko. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi umtlolo wakho uzwisiseke begodu kube lula ukuwufunda, njengombana ukuleka kuhle i-athikili yakho kuyibeka ebujameni obuhle.  

3. Leka (lay out) i-athikili yakho

Faka iinhlokwana (sub-headings), isihlokwana somhlobo we-H2 (H2 heading ku-WordPress) ukwenza izinto zibelula kumfundi. Iinhloko neenhlokwana zihlukanisa umtlolo begodu zivule isikhala phakathi kweendima nemibono yakho.

4. Yenze izwakale kuhle

Sebenzisa imitjho emifitjhani nelimi elilula. Hlala endabeni begodu, ngaphandle kobana utlola i-athikili ede namkha enemininingwana eminengi, balekela ukuba namagama angaphezulu kwama-400 ku-athikili yakho. Ingabi yide khulu begodu ingabi yifitjhani khulu!

5. Cabanga ngokufaka isithombe esifaneleko namkha ifayili yomdumo (sound file)

Ukufaka isithombe namkha ifayili yomdumo kwenza i-athikili yakho ikarise begodu ithandwe mfundi!

Ukuhlaziya (Reflection)

Kwanje cabanga ngesihloko se-athikili ofuna ukuyitlola. Hlela isendlalelo se-athikili yakho, uveze ukuthi ukuhleleka nesakhiwo kungaqaleka njani.

Umsebenzi 1.2

Hlela i-athikili yakho ngokukhetha iinhloko eziqakathekileko ofuna ukukhuluma ngazo. Lokhu kungaba ziinhloko neenhlokwana zakho. Ngaphezulu kwalokho faka nanyana ngiyiphi imidiya (media) ofuna ukuyifaka ku-athikili yakho njengemifanekiso, iinthombe, imigadangiso elalelwako namkha iinqetjhana zamavidiyo.

Isirhunyezo

Kilesifundo ufunde ukuthi:

• Uyihlela njani i-athikili, ukufaka phakathi ukuthatha isiqunto ngesihloko, ukwenza irhubhululo nge-athikili yakho neendaba ezimalungana nokweba imicabango (plagiarism) nelungelo lokukhuphela.
• Uyakha njani i-athikili yakho, ukufaka phakathi ukuyihlela nokuyileka.

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