Isifundo 1: Qhagamshelana

Kulesi sifundo, uzofunda kabanzi nge-intanethi, ukuthi iyini, nokuthi ungaxhuma kanjani kuyo.
Ekupheleni kwalesi sifundo uzokwazi uku:

• Chaza i-inthanethi
• Chaza ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwe-intanethi
• Chaza izindlela zokuxhuma ku-inthanethi
• Xhuma idivayisi ye-Windows 10 ku-inthanethi usebenzisa i-Wi-Fi

Yintoni i-intanethi?

I-Intanethi luthungelwano olukhulu lwehlabathi lweekhompyuter kunye nezixhobo. Nge-Intanethi unokunxibelelana kwaye unxibelelane nabantu kwihlabathi liphela. Unokusebenzisa i-Intanethi ukufikelela kunye nokwabelana ngolwazi.

Yintoni inethiwekhi?

Inethiwekhi lilo naliphi na iqela lezixhobo eziqhagamshelwe kwenye. Kanye njengothungelwano lwabantu apho umntu omnye eqhagamshelwe komnye umntu ngomhlobo omnye, inethiwekhi yekhompyuter yenza unxibelelwano phakathi kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo..

Nasiphi na isixhobo esingaphakathi kuthungelwano sinendlela yokunxibelelana naso nasiphi na esinye isixhobo kwinethiwekhi efanayo. Kukho uthungelwano olufana nezi zixhobo zokudibanisa kwiindawo nakwiingingqi kwihlabathi liphela. Olu qhagamshelo lunokuba lolwenyama, lusebenzisa iingcingo, okanye olungenazingcingo njengonxibelelwano lweselfowuni. Zonke ezi nethiwekhi zincinci ziqhagamshelwe kwezinye iinethiwekhi, zenza inethiwekhi enkulu yehlabathi esiyibiza ngokuba yi-Intanethi..

Xa ungena kwi-intanethi okanye uqhagamshela kwi-intanethi, ungena kule nethiwekhi kwaye unokufikelela kulo lonke ulwazi olukhoyo kwi-intanethi. Zininzi izinto onokuzenza kwi-intanethi, ukusuka ekuthumeleni ii-imeyile ukuya ekukhangeleni ulwazi, okanye ukufowuna ngevidiyo okanye ukuncokola nomhlobo. Sinokufunda kwaye sabelane ngolwazi, kunye nokunye okuninzi.

Ngena kwi-intanethi

Ukufikelela kulwazi kunye nokunxibelelana kwi-Intanethi, kufuneka kuqala uqhagamshele kwi-Intanethi. Ukwenza oku, udinga isixhobo esifanelekileyo kunye nokufikelela kwinethiwekhi. Ezona zixhobo zixhaphakileyo ziquka iilaptops, iikhompyuter zedesktop, iiselfowuni, kunye nethabulethi. Nangona kunjalo, ziya zisanda izixhobo ezifana noomabonakude, izixhobo zokudlala, iiprinta, ii kunye neefriji ngoku zinokuqhagamshelwa kwi-Intanethi.

Uqhagamshelwano ngeentambo (Wired connections)

Ukuze ungene kwi-intanethi, kufuneka uqhagamshele kwinethiwekhi. Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zisebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuqhagamshela kwi-Intanethi. Ukuba usebenzisa ikhompyutha yedesktop kwikhefi ye-Intanethi, kusenokwenzeka ukuba unonxibelelwano olunentambo kwinethiwekhi yokufikelela kwi-intanethi. Oku kuthetha ukuba intambo, okanye ucingo, oluvaliweyo kwisixhobo sakho luya kuqhagamshelana ngokwasemzimbeni kwesinye isixhobo esiqhagamshela kwi-Intanethi. Le yintambo ye-Ethernet. Ezinye izixhobo ezinjengeekhompyuter zelaptop, zinezibuko zoqhagamshelo ngeengcingo kodwa zinokuqhagamshela kwi-Intanethi ngaphandle kwamacingo, zisebenzisa iWi-Fi.

Uqhagamshelo olungenazingcingo (Wireless connections)

Xa usebenzisa izixhobo eziphathwayo ezifana neselfowuni, iilaptops, kunye nethabhulethi , unokuqhagamshelwa kwi-Intanethi usebenzisa i-Wi-Fi, uqhagamshelwano olungenazingcingo. Udinga nje ukwenza i-Wi-Fi isebenze kwisixhobo sakho, kwaye iya kuqhagamshelwa kwinethiwekhi ngaphandle kwamacingo. Uninzi lweenethiwekhi ezenza i-Intanethi ziyafumaneka ukuze nabani na okuloo ngingqi afikelele kuzo. Ungahlala usebenzisa i-Wi-Fi ukujoyina uthungelwano oluvulekileyo kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya, kwiivenkile ezinkulu, nakwiindawo zikawonke-wonke. Ngamanye amaxesha, uya kudibana neenethiwekhi zabucala. Ezi intanethi zifuna imvume yokujoyina. Kule meko, iziko likunika iinombolo zokuvula  kwabo bagunyazisiweyo ukuba basebenzise inethiwekhi. Umzekelo, ivenkile yekofu okanye indawo yokutyela inokubonelela abathengi ngeenombolo  eziyimfihlo ukuze baqhagamshele kwi-intanethi ngezixhobo zabo. 

Ukuba uthenga isicwangciso sedatha kumphathi -nzonzo  weselfowuni yakho, unokuqhagamshela kwi-Intanethi ngaphandle kwamacingo, usebenzisa iinethiwekhi zeselula. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-mobile broadband. Olu khetho lukuvumela ukuba ufikelele kwi-Intanethi ngelixa usehambeni, ngaphandle kokufuna ukusebenzisa iintambo.

Qhagamshela kwinethiwekhi engenazingcingo (Connect to a wireless network)

Kusenokufuneka uqhagamshele isixhobo esiphathwayo kwi-Intanethi xa usendleleni okanye ukwindawo yexeshana. Ungaqhagamshela kwi-Intanethi ngaphandle kwamacingo, usebenzisa iWi-Fi.

Masihambe ngamanyathelo okuqhagamshela kwinethiwekhi, usebenzisa i-Wi-Fi kunye ne-smartphone yakho. Uya kulandela inkqubo efanayo ukuqhagamshela Wi-Fi ukusuka laptop okanye thabhulethi  yakho:

1. Okokuqala, yiya kuseto lwakho kwifowuni yakho. Uya kufumana into yemenyu ebizwa ngokuba yi-Wi-Fi. Cofa apha kwaye uvule i-Wi-Fi yakho ngokucofa iqhosha kwi-On. Uphawu lwe-Wi-Fi luya kuvela phezulu kwesikrini sakho. Oku kuya kuba ngwevu xa ungaqhagamshelwanga kwinethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi kwaye ibe ngqindilili okanye ibemhlophe xa uqhagamshelwe. 
2. I-smartphone yakho ngoku iya kukhangela (scan) iinethiwekhi ze-Wi-Fi ezikhoyo kwindawo ekufutshane. Ngokuqhelekileyo,  ngokuye ephakama amandla embonakalo  yeWi-Fi, iyakuba ngcono kwaye iyakusebenza  ngokukhawuleza Intanethi yakho. Oku kuboniswa yindawo emhlophe kuphawu  lwe-Wi-Fi yenethiwekhi nganye. Okukhona kumhlophe ngombala uphawu – kokukhona i-internet yakho iyakusebenza ngokukhawuleza. 
3. Ukuqhagamshela kwinethiwekhi, cofa kwigama lenethiwekhi kwaye emva koko ucofe “Connect”. I-smartphone yakho iya kuzama ukuqhagamshela kwinethiwekhi ekhethiweyo. 
4. Ukuba inethiwekhi ikhuselekile, uya kucelwa ukuba ufake igama inomolo yokungena. Chwetheza kwibhokisi yokugqitha kwaye nqakraza u”Connect”.

Masikhe sicinge

Iindawo ezininzi ezinje ngethala leencwadi lendawo yakho zibonelela ngeWi-Fi yasimahla. Ungazisebenzisa njani ezi nkonzo ukugcina idatha?